How Electric Motors Works and their Types

Electricity and electric appliances plays an important role in our day to day life. In this modern era, it is hard to imagine our life without these electrical appliances. One such important electrical appliance is “Motor”. Choosing the right electric motor among millions of industrial electric motors is an intimidating task. There are about 300 millions of motors that are widely used in various industries, buildings or another infrastructure. According to a rough estimation, about 30 millions of new motors are sold every year and are typically used in industries only.

First developed in the year 1834, electrical motors have brought one of the biggest advancements in the electrical engineering and technology. Variant industries need different types of industrial electric motors either for one purpose or other. Here, in this blog, we try to summarize the basic working principle of motors and their types.

Definition of Motor

Basically, motor is an electrical device which is used for converting the electrical energy into mechanical energy. This power tool is used for performing various tasks in different scenarios.

Working principle of Electric Motor

Motor works on the basic working principle that whenever a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field; it experiences a mechanical force. The direction of Force experienced by current carrying conductor is given by Fleming’s Left-hand Rule and magnitude is given by F = BIl Newton.

Parts of Motors

There are variety of motors available in the market and used for different purposes in various industries. Each motor is different in terms of its design as well as functioning, but some parts of motors remain same in all motors. Those main elements of motors are:

·         Enclosure – It is used for holding parts together and also helps in heat dissipation.

·         Stator – It is also known as winding.

·         Rotor – It is the rotating part of the motor.

·         Bearings – Used for providing linear movement. It also reduces friction.

·         Conduit Box-  The conduit box or junction box is used for placing all connection and protect them from deter tempering.

Types of Motors

Electrical motors are broadly classified as DC (Direct Current) motors, AC (Alternative Current) motors, which are further classified as per their working.

Dc motors are further classified as brush DC and Brushless DC. Brush Dc consists of shunt wound, series wound, universal, compound wound motor etc.

Ac motors are classified as Induction motors, synchronous motors and linear motors, which are further classified. Induction motors can be categorized as squirrel cage and wound rotor, which consists of 3 phase and 1 phase motors. Synchronous motors are further divided into 3 phase and 1 phase motors, which consist of hysteresis motors, stepper motors. Linear motors are both linear and synchronous motors.

There are variety of motors available in the market, each having their own advantages and disadvantages.

Selection Criteria of Motors

One should always consider some of the important factors while selecting the appropriate motor. For choosing the best motors, one should always look for –

·         Horsepower

·         Motor Mounting

·         Motor Enclosure

·         Motor Duty Cycle

·         Motor Load Capacity

·         Designing of Motor

With the advancement of technology, this powerful power tool is available online. Now a day’s people can buy motors online through reputed e-commerce platforms like Global Sparenparts Private limited. With just a simple click of your mouse, you can buy motors in bulk quantity of prestigious brands at reasonable prices.